Hi, I'm Rick Steves, back with more of the Best of Europe, this time we're having a jolly good time with lots of royal pageantry in London.
嗨，我是瑞克·史蒂夫斯，又回到《欧洲最佳》节目，这次我们要在伦敦享受许多皇家仪式的欢乐时光。
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Transcript
Thanks for joining us.
感谢您的加入。
This time we'll see the old London and the new London...
这次我们将看到旧伦敦和新伦敦……
Enjoy some of the city's traditional pomp...
享受一些城市的传统威严……
Hop a double-decker bus to Christopher Wren's magnificent St. Paul's...
搭乘双层巴士前往克里斯托弗·伦的宏伟圣保罗大教堂……
Shop for a jaunty hat...
选购一顶时髦的帽子……
Check out the vibrant scene in SoHo...
查看索霍活力四射的场景……
Ponder some of England's greatest names in Westminster Abbey...
在威斯敏斯特大教堂沉思一些英格兰最伟大的名字……
Discover treasures in the British library...
在英国图书馆发现宝藏……
And straddle the zero meridian in Greenwich.
在格林威治横跨零度子午线。
But first, we're checking out the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace.
但首先，我们去看看白金汉宫的卫兵换岗仪式。
Beautiful weather, lots of royal pageantry, and a huge excited crowd.
美好的天气，许多皇家仪式，和一大群兴奋的人群。
The changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace is a fine introduction to London.
白金汉宫的卫兵换岗仪式是了解伦敦的好方式。
While no longer ruling a vast empire, London is still a capital of regal traditions.
虽然不再统治广阔的帝国，伦敦依然是皇家传统的首都。
This time-honored ritual still stirs English hearts.
这个历久弥新的仪式仍然激荡着英格兰人的心。
And while you have to be very tall or very early to actually see the guards change, I get a kick out of watching what seems like every tourist in London gathered together in one place at the same time.
尽管你必须非常高或者非常早才能真切地看到卫兵换岗，但我喜欢看到似乎每一个在伦敦的游客都聚集在同一个地方。
Today, England's Royal family calls Buckingham Palace home.
今天，英格兰的皇家家庭把白金汉宫作为家。
But for centuries, they lived closer to the River Thames, where, in the 11th century, king Edward the confessor built the first palace of Westminster.
但几个世纪以来，他们生活得更靠近泰晤士河，公元11世纪，爱德华朝圣者国王建造了第一座威斯敏斯特宫。
Over the centuries, that palace evolved to become this building and an icon of modern democracy.
几个世纪以来，那座宫殿演变成了今天这个建筑，并成为现代民主的象征。
Eventually, representatives of local communities, or commons, gathered here to be near their king.
最终，当地社区的代表，或称为平民，聚集在这里，以便靠近他们的国王。
They began meeting independently as the house of commons.
他们开始独立地作为下议院召开会议。
And to this day, Britain is ruled from here, in the houses of Parliament.
直到今天，英国仍然在这里，从国会中统治。
Visitors are welcome to queue up for a free look at the uppity House of Lords or the rowdier House of Commons in action.
欢迎游客排队免费观看浮华的上议院或喧闹的下议院实况。
Like so much of the most medieval-looking architecture in Europe, this is actually over-the-top faux medieval.
像欧洲许多最中世纪风格的建筑一样，这其实是夸张的伪中世纪风格。
It's neo-Gothic, built in the 1800s, the Romantic Age.
它是新哥特式风格，建于19世纪，也就是浪漫时代。
All across Europe, Neo-Gothic was a reaction against the Neoclassical Age of Revolution, which challenged royalty and religion.
在整个欧洲，新哥特式风格是对革命期间的新古典主义时代的反应，挑战了皇权和宗教。
With this less cerebral, more romantic style, Victorian England reaffirmed its royal and Christian roots.
这种较少理智、更多浪漫的风格使维多利亚时代的英格兰重申了其王室和基督教根源。
People call this famous tower Big Ben, but it's actually the Queen Elizabeth Tower.
人们称这座著名的塔楼为大本钟，但它实际上是伊丽莎白女王塔。
Ben is the 13-ton bell behind the clock.
本是钟背后的13吨重的钟。
Here's a fun way to make your sister envious.
这是一个让你妹妹羡慕的有趣方式。
Hi, Jan.
嗨，简。
This is Rick.
这是瑞克。
Audio post card from London.
来自伦敦的音频明信片。
[ Bell ringing ] [ Chuckles ] An enormous Royal Palace once stretched all the way from Big Ben to Trafalgar Square at the end of this street.
[ 响钟声 ] [ 笑声 ] 一座巨大的皇家宫殿曾经从大本钟一直延伸到这条街尽头的特拉法加广场。
While the palace is long gone, its name survives -- Whitehall.
虽然宫殿早已不复存在，但它的名字依然流传 -- 怀特霍尔。
Today Britain's most important street.
今天是英国最重要的街道。
The British Empire, which, at one point, ruled nearly a quarter of the world's population, was managed from here.
曾经统治了世界人口近四分之一的英国帝国，是从这里管理的。
And a Whitehall walk is filled with reminders of England's proud and hard-fought history.
怀特霍尔的散步充满了对英格兰自豪而艰辛历史的回忆。
Stately reliefs and stern buildings seem to celebrate the empire upon which the sun never set.
庄严的浮雕和严肃的建筑似乎在庆祝那个日不落的帝国。
[ Shouts command ] [ Men shouting ] As it has for centuries, the Royal Horse Guard still keeps the Royal family safe.
[ 命令喊叫 ] [ 男人们喊叫 ] 皇家骑警仍然像几个世纪以来一样保护着皇家家族。
And if you're here at the right time, you'll enjoy the ritual changing of this guard, as well.
如果你在合适的时间来到这里，你会欣赏到卫兵交接的仪式。
Prime ministers, like Winston Churchill, have long lived and worked on Whitehall.
首相，如温斯顿·丘吉尔，长期以来一直在怀特霍尔生活和工作。
Here, Churchill's wrapped in the iconic trench coat he wore as he led Britain through the dark days of World War II.
在这里，丘吉尔穿着他在第二次世界大战的黑暗时刻所穿的标志性风衣。
Duck under sand bags and descend into the Churchill War Rooms.
钻过沙袋，进入丘吉尔战争室。
This was the secret underground nerve center of the British government's fight against the Nazis in the desperate battle for Britain.
这里是英国政府在绝望的保卫英国战斗中对抗纳粹的秘密地下神经中心。
Shut down after victory in 1945 and ignored for decades, it's open today as a fascinating time warp for visitors to explore.
在1945年胜利后关闭，数十年被忽视，如今对游客开放，成为一个令人着迷的时光隧道。
Audio guides give it meaning.
音频导览赋予它意义。
Man: On the morning of 16 of August, 1945, the day after V-J day, at the end of the war, the map officers tidied their desks, switched out the lights for the first time in six years, and went home.
男声：在1945年8月16日早上，胜利日后的第一天，战争结束时，制图官整理了桌面，六年来第一次关灯，回家了。
And that's the way the room stayed.
房间就保持那样。
Steves: You'll see the room where Churchill famously took his short naps.
斯蒂夫：你会看到丘吉尔著名的小憩房间。
In this room, the progress of the entire war was followed as day-by-day movement of troops and convoys was charted.
在这个房间里，整个战争的进展以部队和车队的每日行动图示被跟踪。
And this room was the communication hub from where Churchill maneuvered Britain to ultimate victory.
这个房间是丘吉尔指挥英国赢得最终胜利的通信中心。
The adjacent museum introduces you to Churchill the man.
旁边的博物馆向你介绍丘吉尔这位人物。
It brings the colorful statesman to life, complete with his trademark cigar, bow tie, cognac -- he loved his drink -- and famous hat.
它生动展现了这位多彩的政治家，伴随他的标志性雪茄、蝴蝶结、干邑——他喜欢喝酒——和著名的帽子。
You'll get a taste of Winston's irascibility, wit, work ethic, even the industry of kitschy knickknacks he inspired.
你会感受到温斯顿的暴躁、机智、工作道德，甚至是他所激励的许多花哨的摆设。
Back out on Whitehall, there are monuments to other great English war heroes, and at the end of the street at Trafalgar Square is a memorial to the greatest English war hero of them all.
回到怀特霍尔，那里有其他伟大英格兰战争英雄的纪念碑，在街道尽头的特拉法加广场上是伟大英格兰战争英雄的纪念碑。
The one-armed, one-eyed, and one-minded Admiral Horatio Nelson looking out to sea.
单臂、单眼的霍雷肖·纳尔逊海军上将凝视着大海。
The year was 1805.
那是一八零五年。
Napoleon, with his mighty army, was poised just on the other side of the English channel, preparing to invade.
拿破仑和他强大的军队正准备侵略，在英吉利海峡的另一侧待命。
Meanwhile, a thousand miles to the south, off of the coast of Spain, Admiral Nelson defeated the French fleet at the battle of Trafalgar.
与此同时，南方一千英里、在西班牙海岸附近，纳尔逊海军上将击败了法国舰队，赢得了特拉法加战役。
Because Britannia ruled the waves, Napoleon was stopped.
因为大不列颠统治了海洋，拿破仑被阻止了。
Bronze battle reliefs, made of melted down French cannon, decorate the column.
由融化的法国火炮制成的青铜战斗浮雕装饰着这根柱子。
These huggable lions are a hit with visitors.
这些可爱的狮子非常受游客欢迎。
Trafalgar Square marks the very center of London.
特拉法尔加广场位于伦敦的中心。
Big Ben is just a short walk down there, past Admiral Nelson.
大本钟就在那边，经过纳尔逊海军上将的雕像。
Buckingham Palace -- straight down that street.
白金汉宫就在那条街的尽头。
SoHo, where all the nightlife is, just six blocks over there.
苏荷，所有夜生活的聚集地，就在那边六个街区。
And the National Gallery has the greatest collection of paintings anywhere in Britain.
国家美术馆拥有英国最伟大的绘画收藏。
Right there is St. Martin in the fields, a church that's famous for its classical music concerts and the charity work it does in this community.
就在那是圣马丁教堂，这是一个以古典音乐会和在社区中所做的慈善工作而闻名的教堂。
As big as it is, London's easy to get around in.
尽管伦敦很大，但在这里出行很方便。
And once you're oriented, riding its double-decker buses can be both efficient and fun.
一旦你熟悉了环境，乘坐双层公交车既高效又有趣。
For me, enjoying the view from the top deck is one of the great treats of this city.
对我来说，从顶层甲板欣赏景色是这个城市最大的乐趣之一。
We're entering the historic core of London, the one-square-mile district locals call simply "the City."
我们正进入伦敦的历史核心，那个被当地人简单称为“城市”的一平方英里区域。
While only a few thousand people actually live here, its nine-to-five crowd numbers half a million.
虽然这里实际上只有几千人居住，但每天的工作人群达五十万。
This is Britain's Wall Street, thriving with big time commerce and packed with banks. "
这里是英国的华尔街，繁忙的商业中心，满是银行。
The City" is also packed with history.
“城市”也是历史的聚集地。
This monument commemorates the devastating fire of 1666, which started here and burned down nearly all of London.
这个纪念碑是为了纪念1666年的大火，这场火灾始于这里，几乎烧毁了整个伦敦。
These reliefs show, in heroic terms, how city leaders came together determined to rebuild.
这些浮雕用英雄的语言展示了城市领导者们齐心协力重建的决心。
The great architect Christopher Wren was chosen to spearhead the project.
伟大的建筑师克里斯托弗·伦恩被选为该项目的先锋。
And the city that rose from the ashes of that fire was decorated by the Wren-designed spires of some 50 churches.
从那场大火的灰烬中重建的城市被伦恩设计的约50座教堂的尖塔装饰。
Christopher Wren spent four decades, the rest of his life, working on his grand vision.
克里斯托弗·伦恩花了四十年，也就是他生命的剩余时间，致力于他的宏伟愿景。
The centerpiece -- this mighty cathedral, St. Paul's.
这座宏伟的教堂，圣保罗大教堂，是中心。
Today, it's the symbol of London's resilience.
今天，它是伦敦韧性的象征。
Its rise from the great fire and of London's survival of the blitz of World War II.
它从大火中复兴，并且伦敦在第二次世界大战中的生存。
The church is one of the world's biggest.
这座教堂是世界上最大的教堂之一。
Wren accentuated its spaciousness by the lack of decoration.
伦恩通过缺乏装饰来增强其宽敞感。
Notice the simple ceiling and the clear glass lighting everything evenly.
注意简单的天花板和清澈的玻璃均匀地照亮一切。
Today, only the west end of the church keeps Wren's original vision.
今天，教堂的西端仍保留着伦恩的原始愿景。
In the 1800s, Queen Victoria called St. Paul's "dim, dingy, and ungodly," so the east end of the church was then slathered with Victorian bling, beautiful Victorian bling.
在19世纪，维多利亚女王称圣保罗大教堂为“阴暗、肮脏和不神圣”，因此教堂的东端随后被涂上了维多利亚风格的装饰，美丽的维多利亚风格的装饰。
While the church's survival in World War II was almost miraculous, the apse of the church did take a direct hit and was destroyed.
尽管教堂在第二次世界大战中的生存几乎是奇迹般的，但教堂的后殿确实遭受了直接打击并被摧毁。
Today, it's rebuilt as the American Memorial Chapel to honor our nation's contribution to the defense of Britain.
今天，它被重建为美国纪念教堂，以表彰我们国家对英国防御的贡献。
We see Jesus, Mary, and George Washington.
我们看到了耶稣、玛丽和乔治·华盛顿。
The American iconography includes stars, stripes, and eagles.
美国的标志性图像包括星星、条纹和鹰。
And behind birds and plants native to the USA, it's a U.S. Rocket, circa 1958, shooting up to the stars.
而在美国特有的鸟类和植物背后，是一枚1958年左右的美国火箭，正冲向星空。
The British are grateful to their World War II allies.
英国人感激他们在第二次世界大战中的盟友。
The roll of honor lists the 28,000 American servicemen based in Britain who gave their lives.
荣誉卷名单列出了驻英的28000名美国军人，他们为国捐躯。
Climbing the dome is like climbing a 30-story building with no elevator.
爬上圆顶就像爬上30层楼的建筑，没有电梯。
And the reward, a commanding view of London.
而奖励是对伦敦的壮丽视野。
Christopher Wren spent nearly half his life working on St. Paul's.
克里斯托弗·伦恩几乎半生都致力于圣保罗大教堂。
At age 75, he got to see his son crown his masterpiece with this golden cross.
在75岁时，他得以看到他的儿子用这个金色十字架为他的杰作加冕。
London has thriving shopping districts.
伦敦拥有繁荣的购物区。
Oxford street is lined with big department stores.
牛津街两旁是大型百货商店。
It's fun to feel the energy of this dynamic city.
感受这个充满活力的城市的能量是很有趣的。
And Piccadilly, the city's most touristy square, has a magnetic attraction all its own.
皮卡迪利广场是这座城市最具旅游特色的广场，拥有自己独特的吸引力。
With its tipsy yet somehow balanced statue of Eros in the center, this is where worlds of temptations fan out in all directions.
在中心有一个微醺但又似乎是平衡的厄洛斯雕像，这里是诱惑的世界向四面八方延展的地方。
While Piccadilly seems tacky, just a few steps away is a more elegant slice of London.
虽然皮卡迪利显得有点俗气，但离这里不远的地方却是一块更优雅的伦敦。
And to enjoy this, we're joined by my friend and fellow tour guide, Brit Lonsdale.
为了享受这一切，我的朋友兼同胞导游布里特·朗斯代尔也加入了我们。
This is a lovely street to come down if you want an alternative to all the big shopping centers.
如果你想寻找与所有大型购物中心不同的选择，这是一条很美的街道。
Jermyn Street, right?
杰明街，对吗？
It is, yes.
是的。
Jermyn Street.
杰明街。
Named after Henry Jermyn, who was the Earl of Saint Albans.
以圣奥尔本斯伯爵亨利·杰明的名字命名。
And it's full of lots of beautiful, little, very individual, quintessentially English shops.
这里有许多美丽的小店，风格独特，典型的英式商店。
It's really worth coming down here, even if you haven't got the money to buy all the wonderful things that you see.
即使你没有足够的钱去买所有看到的美好东西，来这里也是值得的。
Just if you want to window shop, it gives you a little elegant slice of London culture.
如果你想看橱窗，它会让你感受到一点优雅的伦敦文化。
And a lovely flavor, yes.
而且风格也很可爱，是的。
Yes, very nice.
是的，非常好。
We're walking past Swaine, Adeney, and Brigg.
我们正走过斯温，阿登尼和布里格。
And this is where members of the Royal family buy their umbrellas, gloves, and whips.
这里是皇室成员购买雨伞、手套和鞭子的地方。
Whips?
鞭子？
Oh, for horses.
哦，为了马。
Yes, of course.
是的，当然。
Steves: Bates Hats still sells bowlers and top hats as it has for a century.
斯蒂夫：贝茨帽子仍然销售礼帽和高顶帽，已经持续了一个世纪。
This is Bates, one of the lovely old shops on Jermyn Street.
这是贝茨，位于杰明街的一家迷人的老店。
And there's some wonderful hats here.
这里有一些令人惊叹的帽子。
This is a lovely top hat that you can see here.
这是你可以看到的一顶可爱的高顶帽。
That's the sort of thing that you might wear if you were going to the races.
如果你要去赛马的话，这就是你可能会戴的那种帽子。
But it's going to set you back a bit.
但这会让你花不少钱。
So what would this cost me?
那么这个多少钱？
About £330.
大约330英镑。
Worth every penny though.
不过每一便士都是值得的。
It's beautifully made.
它制作精美。
Just under $500.
不到500美元。
Nice, a top hat for the races, okay.
不错，一顶去赛马的高顶帽，好的。
Lonsdale: Now, the hats that you can see hanging on the wall here, these are Panama hats, and they're the sort of thing that you might wear in summertime, when you're watching the cricket.
朗斯代尔：现在，你可以看到挂在墙上的帽子，这些是巴拿马帽，是你在夏天观看板球时可能会戴的那种帽子。
Okay.
好的。
You know, traditional British occupation, the crack of leather on willows, sitting on the village green with your Panama hat.
你知道，传统的英国活动，木棉树上的皮革声，坐在村里的草坪上，戴着你的巴拿马帽。
This is a bowler hat.
这是一个圆顶帽。
Years ago, this is what you wore when you went to work.
多年前，这就是你去上班时戴的帽子。
It was a standard item of hat wear.
它曾是标准的帽子配件。
If you worked in a financial institution in the city, in the oldest part of London, you would wear a bowler hat.
如果你在城市的金融机构工作，在伦敦最古老的地方，你会戴一顶圆顶帽。
If you were a banker, you had to have a bowler.
如果你是一名银行家，你必须有一顶圆顶帽。
Oh, definitely, definitely.
哦，绝对，绝对。
Mm, more laurel and hardy, I think.
嗯，我觉得更像劳雷尔和哈迪。
Laurel and hardy.
劳雷尔和哈迪。
A little more laurel and hardy than banker.
比银行家更像一点劳雷尔和哈迪。
Steves: Simply wandering around London as evening approaches and people come out to play is an experience in itself.
史蒂夫：傍晚时分，漫步在伦敦，看到人们出来玩耍，这本身就是一种体验。
SoHo is particularly lively.
索霍特别热闹。
The people watching is fascinating.
人们观赏是迷人的。
And talk about variety.
说到多样性。
Steves: This is thriving with restaurants.
史蒂夫：这里餐厅很多。
Yes, we're in SoHo.
是的，我们在索霍。
It's full of excellent restaurants.
这里满是优秀的餐厅。
It's a big center for media, the arts, there's a big gay community here.
这是一个媒体和艺术的中心，这里有一个庞大的同性恋社区。
Always humming, always buzzing.
总是充满活力，总是熙熙攘攘。
One of the marvelous things about London is that it's such a mix.
伦敦令人惊奇的一点是它是如此的多元化。
We used to have an enormous empire spanning the globe, and as a result, lots of different nationalities came here.
我们曾经拥有一个横跨全球的巨大帝国，因此，很多不同国籍的人来到了这里。
This part of London is the part that we call Chinatown.
这部分伦敦是我们所称的中国城。
Okay, so, dim sum, this is the place.
好的，那么，点心，这里就是地方。
Definitely.
绝对。
And of course, SoHo's all about theater.
当然，苏荷完全与剧院有关。
There are at least 30 theaters within a 10-minute walk from this spot, running the whole gamut.
从这个地方步行10分钟内至少有30个剧院，涵盖了所有类型。
Musical, comedy, Shakespeare even.
音乐剧、喜剧，甚至是莎士比亚的作品。
We're staying on a delightful and peaceful street in South Kensington.
我们住在南肯辛顿一条愉快而安静的街道上。
Hotels in London are expensive.
伦敦的酒店很贵。
Choose carefully.
请仔细选择。
In my London guidebook, I recommend the family-run Aster House.
在我的伦敦指南中，我推荐由家庭经营的阿斯特之家。
It has a friendly staff, and my room provides a good home base.
那里有友好的员工，我的房间提供了一个良好的根据地。
To stretch my budget, especially important here in London, I stock it with a few groceries.
为了扩展我的预算，尤其是在伦敦，这一点格外重要，我会买一些食品。
The conservatory has a sunny Victorian elegance.
温室充满阳光，具有维多利亚的优雅。
And a genteel breakfast here is a fine way to start your London day.
在这里享用温文尔雅的早餐是开启伦敦一天的好方式。
A short taxi ride away is Westminster Abbey.
离这儿不远的是威斯敏斯特教堂。
This most historic church in the English-speaking world is where kings and queens have been crowned and buried since 1066.
这个在英语世界中最具历史的教堂自1066年以来一直是国王和女王加冕和安葬的地方。
While it was first built in the 11th century, much of what we see today is 14th century.
尽管最初是在11世纪建造的，但是我们今天看到的大部分都是14世纪的建筑。
When there's a royal wedding, the world looks on as, amid all this splendor, thousands of Britain's glitterati gather under these graceful Gothic arches.
当皇家婚礼举行时，世界都会关注，成千上万的英国名流在这些优雅的哥特式拱门下聚集，尽享华丽。
The centerpiece is the tomb of Edward the Confessor, who founded the abbey.
中心是创立修道院的爱德华忏悔者的坟墓。
And surrounding Edward are the tombs of 29 other kings and queens.
围绕着爱德华的是其他29位国王和女王的坟墓。
This is the tomb of Queen Elizabeth I. Her royal orb symbolizes she was queen of the entire globe.
这是伊丽莎白一世的坟墓。她的王冠象征着她是全球的女王。
The abbey is filled with the remains of people who put the Great in Britain -- saints, musicians, scientists, and soldiers.
教堂里充满了使大不列颠成为伟大的人的遗骸 - 圣人、音乐家、科学家和士兵。
For lovers of English literature, strolling through poets' corner can be a pilgrimage in itself.
对于爱好英语文学的人来说，漫步于诗人角本身就是一次朝圣。
King Henry VII's Lady Chapel, with its colorful windows and fanciful banners, has the festive air of a medieval pageant.
亨利七世的夫人礼拜堂，拥有五彩斑斓的窗户和奇幻的横幅，具有中世纪盛典的节日气息。
The elaborate ceiling is a fine example of fan vaulting, a style that capped the Gothic age.
华丽的天花板是扇形拱顶的良好范例，这是一种封顶哥特式的风格。
At the far end, a wall of modern stained glass marks the Royal Air Force Chapel.
在远处，一面现代彩绘玻璃墙标志着皇家空军礼拜堂。
It honors the fighter pilots of all nations who died defending Britain in 1944.
它为所有在1944年捍卫英国而牺牲的各国战斗机飞行员致敬。
With saints in stained glass, heroes in carved stone, and the remains of England's greatest citizens under the floor stones, Westminster Abbey is the national church and the religious heart of England.
威斯敏斯特教堂有圣人的彩绘玻璃，英雄的雕刻石，以及埋在地板石下的英格兰伟大公民的遗骸，是英格兰的国家教会和宗教核心。
London's subway, fondly known as the Tube, is one of this planet's great people movers, and it's easy to master.
伦敦地铁，亲切地被称为地铁，是这个星球上伟大的人群运输工具之一，且易于掌握。
To avoid slow-moving ticket queues, buy your Tube pass from machines.
为了避免缓慢的购票队伍，可以从机器上购买地铁通行证。
Then simply swipe yourself in and out until your prepaid account needs topping up.
然后简单地刷卡进出，直到你的预付账户需要充值。
Follow signs to the right platform.
遵循指示牌到正确的月台。
Visualize the layout of the city, and remember, lines are labeled north, south, east, or west.
想象一下城市的布局，并记住，各条线路标识为北、南、东或西。
Each train line has two directions and, therefore, two platforms.
每条火车线路有两个方向，因此有两个月台。
Signs list the line, direction, and stops served by each platform.
标志列出了每个月台所服务的线路、方向和站点。
Because some tracks are shared by several lines, signboards announce which train's next and how many minutes till it arrives.
由于一些轨道由多条线路共享，告示牌会宣布下一个到达的火车及其到达的分钟数。
Final destinations are displayed above the windshield.
最终目的地显示在挡风玻璃上方。
And always...
而且总是……
Man over pa: Mind the gap.
小心脚下：当心间隙。
Once onboard, you can track your progress.
一旦上车，你可以跟踪你的行程。
Confused?
困惑吗？
Many of the locals speak English.
许多当地人会说英语。
Our stop is King's Cross.
我们的站是国王十字站。
Helpful signs show the best street exit for you, saving lots of walking.
有用的标识展示适合你的最佳街道出口，节省了很多步行时间。
The British Library's right this way.
英国图书馆就在这条路上。
The British Library is the national archive.
英国图书馆是国家档案馆。
The statue of Isaac Newton measuring the immensity of the universe symbolizes the library's purpose -- to preserve the record of man's endless search for knowledge.
以撒·牛顿雕像测量宇宙的浩瀚，象征着图书馆的目的——保留人类无尽寻求知识的记录。
The massive building fills 180 miles of shelving with over 12 million books.
这座庞大的建筑里有180英里长的书架，藏有超过1200万本书。
For sightseers, only one room matters, the Treasures Room.
对于观光者来说，只有一个房间是重要的，珍宝室。
It showcases early gospels on papyrus, the first complete New Testament, written in Greek from the 4th century.
这里展出早期的纸草书福音书，第一个完整的新约圣经，使用的是公元四世纪的希腊语。
Illuminated manuscripts with pages lovingly illustrated by monks, some of the finest art from Europe's Middle Ages.
用僧侣精心描绘的手抄本，是欧洲中世纪一些最优秀的艺术作品。
And the Gutenberg Bible from 1455.
还有1455年的古腾堡圣经。
Gutenberg's revolutionary movable metal type made printing affordable.
古腾堡革命性的可移动金属活字使印刷变得可负担。
By bringing information to the masses, this innovation helped power Europe into the modern age.
通过将信息带给大众，这一创新帮助欧洲进入现代时代。
The Magna Carta from 1215 documents the first steps towards government by people rather than kings.
1215年的《大宪章》记录了朝向人民而非国王统治的第一步。
And the king was forced to hang his seal on it.
国王被迫在上面盖上他的印章。
Cases are dedicated to the titans of English literature, showing, for instance, early editions of Shakespeare's plays.
特设展柜展示了英国文学巨匠，例如莎士比亚剧作的早期版本。
You'll see precious musical manuscripts -- a handwritten score of Handel's Messiah, a Beethoven work tracing his stormy creative process, and handwritten Beatles lyrics.
你会看到珍贵的音乐手稿——亨德尔《弥赛亚》的手写乐谱，贝多芬的作品记录了他动荡的创作过程，以及披头士的手写歌词。
Ponder the evolution of maps.
思考地图的演变。
In 1350, this view came with Jerusalem at the center.
在1350年，这幅图视角以耶路撒冷为中心。
By 1550, with this, you could plan your next trip to England.
到1550年，凭此图，你可以规划你的下一次英格兰之旅。
London is growing, and its underground is growing with it.
伦敦在不断发展，它的地铁也在一起成长。
Historically, most London attractions have been contained within its downtown circle line.
从历史上看，大多数伦敦景点都位于市中心的环线之内。
But there's a new Tube network emerging, and it's clear London is shifting east.
但是，有一个新的地铁网络正在出现，很明显伦敦正在向东转移。
Each morning, a thunderous high-tech work force surges into a district called the Docklands.
每天早晨，一个震耳欲聋的高科技劳动大军涌入一个叫做Docklands的地区。
Once a gritty industrial harbor, then a neglected no-man's-land, today the Docklands has been transformed.
曾经是一个麻烦重重的工业港口，然后是一个被忽视的无人区，如今的Docklands已经被转变。
It fills a peninsula created by a bend in the Thames with gleaming skyscrapers springing out of a futuristic people zone.
它充满了由泰晤士河的一个弯道形成的半岛，闪耀的摩天大楼从一个未来派的人们区域中冒出。
Canary Wharf Tower is one of the mightiest skyscrapers in all of Europe.
Canary Wharf Tower是整个欧洲最强大的摩天大楼之一。
Workers enjoy good public transit and plenty of green spaces for relaxing.
工人们享受良好的公共交通和丰富的绿地供放松。
The entire ensemble sits upon a vast underground shopping mall.
整个组合位于一个庞大的地下购物中心之上。
In the 1700s, the Thames Riverfront was jammed up with shipping in downtown London, while this end of town was an industrial zone with the stinky industries -- glue making, chemical works and so on -- conveniently located just downwind from the rest of the city.
在1700年代，泰晤士河的河岸在伦敦市中心被船只挤得水泄不通，而这个城市的这一端是一个工业区，臭气熏天的行业--胶水制造、化工作坊等--方便地位于城市的下风处。
In order to relieve all the congestion in downtown London, they decided to replace the industries out here with what became the world's ultimate port.
为了缓解伦敦市中心的所有拥堵，他们决定用成为世界终极港口的行业来取代这里的工业。
The Docklands organized shipping for the vast British empire.
Docklands组织了庞大的英国帝国的运输。
Evoking the days when Britannia ruled the waves, the old West India warehouses survive.
唤起不列颠统治海洋的日子，老西印度仓库依然存在。
But rather than trading sugar and rum, today, they house the Museum of London Docklands and a row of happening restaurants.
但今天，它们不是用于交易糖和朗姆酒，而是容纳了伦敦Docklands博物馆和一排热闹的餐馆。
London's Docklands illustrates how, in order to fully experience the energy of a great city, you often need to get out of the historic old town and explore its modern business district.
伦敦的Docklands展示了如何要全面体验一个大城市的活力，往往需要走出历史悠久的老城，探索它的现代商业区。
Further down the River Thames is Greenwich.
在泰晤士河的下游是格林威治。
Since many of its sights are free, and it's cheap to get here on the Tube, it makes for a great budget day out.
由于许多景点是免费的，并且乘地铁到这里很便宜，这里成为一个极好的经济型一日游点。
While still well within the city limits of London, Greenwich feels like a small town.
尽管仍在伦敦市界内，格林威治却感觉像一个小镇。
Visitors enjoy lively market streets and fascinating museums.
游客们享受生机勃勃的市场街道和迷人的博物馆。
Tudor kings, who ruled in the 15th century, favored their palace at Greenwich.
15世纪统治的都铎王朝青睐他们在格林威治的宫殿。
Henry VIII was born here.
亨利八世就是在这里出生的。
Later kings commissioned the top architects -- Inigo Jones and Christopher Wren -- to beautify the town and palace.
后来的国王委托顶尖建筑师--伊尼戈·琼斯和克里斯托弗·雷恩--来美化小镇和宫殿。
Old Royal Naval College was originally a hospital founded by King William and Queen Mary in 1692 to care for naval officers.
老皇家海军学院最初是由威廉国王和玛丽王后于1692年创立的医院，旨在照顾海军军官。
Today, the Navy's gone and the lavish place is open to the public.
如今，海军已去，这个奢华的地方对公众开放。
Originally intended as a dining hall for retired Navy officers, this sumptuously decorated room features one of the largest painted ceilings in Europe, 112 feet long.
最初打算作为退休海军军官的餐厅，这个华丽装饰的房间拥有欧洲最大的 painted ceilings 之一，长112英尺。
It's a big propaganda scene, glorifying the building's royal founders and their defeat of the French.
这是一个大型宣传场景，颂扬建筑的皇家创始人及其战胜法国的壮举。
Under his foot, William's crushing a dark figure with a broken sword -- Louis XIV.
在他脚下，威廉正在踩着一个手持断剑的黑暗人物——路易十四。
He's handing a red cap, representing liberty, to a woman holding the reins of a white horse, symbolizing Europe.
他给予一顶红帽，象征自由，给一位手握白马缰绳的女性，这匹白马象征欧洲。
Another woman hands him an olive branch, a sign of peace.
另一位女性递给他一根橄榄枝，象征和平。
The message -- which you can see without craning your neck with the help of this handy mirror -- King William has granted Europe liberty by defeating the French.
这个信息——你可以借助这个方便的镜子而无需仰头看到——威廉国王通过击败法国赋予了欧洲自由。
A stately park turns an adjacent hill into an inviting people zone.
一个宏伟的公园使相邻的山丘变成一个吸引人的人群区域。
From its bluff, visitors enjoy sweeping views of Greenwich, the Docklands, and the distant London skyline.
从它的高地，游客可以俯瞰格林威治、码头区和遥远的伦敦天际线。
Crowning the hill is the Royal Observatory, founded in the late 1600s by King Charles II.
山顶是皇家天文台，由查理二世于17世纪末建立。
Its purpose -- improving maritime navigation by more accurately charting the night sky.
它的目的——通过更准确地绘制夜空来改善海洋导航。
Visitors gain an appreciation of how exciting breakthroughs in astronomy and timekeeping led to Britain's mastery of the sea.
游客们可以欣赏到天文学和计时技术的突破如何带领英国掌控海洋。
For ships to know their location while at sea, mariners needed to know the precise time from a reference point on the globe.
为了让船只在海上知道自己所在的位置，水手需要知道全球某参考点的确切时间。
With this, they could solve what was called "the problem of longitude."
有了这个，他们就能解决被称为“经度问题”的难题。
After a huge effort, in 1760, John Harrison built this clock and figured it out.
经过巨大的努力，约翰·哈里森在1760年制造了这块钟并解决了这个问题。
And by 1772, this fine timekeeper was portable and functioned without a pendulum.
到1772年，这个优雅的计时器是便携式的，并且无需摆锤运作。
Critical because pendulums don't work at sea.
这点至关重要，因为摆锤在海上无法工作。
Along with marking global time, Greenwich marks the Earth's prime meridian.
格林威治不仅标志着全球时间，也标记了地球的本初子午线。
Outside the observatory, visitors line up to grab a photo as they straddle the line, to be at precisely zero degrees longitude, with one foot in the east hemisphere and the other in the west.
在天文台外，游客排队拍照，跨越这条线，正好站在零度经线上，一只脚在东半球，另一只脚在西半球。
A trip to London makes it easy to see how this city truly is where the world comes together.
前往伦敦之行使人们容易看到这个城市如何真正成为世界汇聚的地方。
I hope you've had a grand visit with us here in London.
我希望你在伦敦和我们有一个美好的访问。
This is one city that's certainly worth coming back to again and again.
这个城市绝对值得一次又一次地回来。
I'm Rick Steves.
我是瑞克·史蒂夫斯。
Until next time, keep on travelin'!
下次见，继续旅行！
Yeah!
是的！
What's not to like about that?
有什么不喜欢的呢？
Very dashing, huh?
非常迷人，嗯？
Not quite dashing is the word.
不太算迷人是这个词。
Woman: See you at the next stop.
女：下一个站见。
Man: Oh, he's --
男：哦，他——
02 / UNDERSTAND
A closer look
IN THIS CONTEXT ·0:01
Hi, I'm Rick Steves, back with more of the Best of Europe, this time we're having a jolly good time with lots of royal pageantry in London.
嗨，我是瑞克·史蒂夫斯，又回到《欧洲最佳》节目，这次我们要在伦敦享受许多皇家仪式的欢乐时光。
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